What complications should be anticipated with mechanical ventilation?

Ventilator-associated pneumonia and oxygen toxicity are recognized complications associated with mechanical ventilation due to the nature of how mechanical ventilation supports patients with respiratory failure.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia can occur when the endotracheal tube or tracheostomy tube bypasses the natural defenses of the upper airways, allowing bacteria to enter the lower respiratory tract. This introduces the risk of infection in individuals who are already critically ill and may have compromised immune systems. Furthermore, prolonged mechanical ventilation can lead to the accumulation of secretions, which can further support the development of pneumonia if not managed properly.

Oxygen toxicity arises from prolonged exposure to high concentrations of supplemental oxygen, which can damage the lungs. When a patient is on mechanical ventilation, high levels of oxygen may be required to maintain adequate oxygenation, particularly in cases of severe pulmonary disease. This can lead to inflammatory responses and ultimately contribute to lung injury, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Considering these factors, it's crucial for healthcare providers to monitor mechanical ventilation closely and implement strategies to minimize these risks, such as maintaining strict sterile techniques, considering sedation protocols to ensure comfort, and regularly evaluating the patient's oxygen requirements. The other choices present complications that are either less directly associated with mechanical ventilation or not typical outcomes in this