What is one of the primary concerns during air transport of ventilated patients?

One of the primary concerns during the air transport of ventilated patients is the changes in atmospheric pressure that occur at high altitudes. As an aircraft ascends, the ambient atmospheric pressure decreases, which can lead to a variety of physiological effects on the patient, particularly those receiving mechanical ventilation.

Ventilators are typically designed to function optimally at sea level pressure. As the atmospheric pressure drops, the effectiveness of the ventilator may be compromised, potentially altering tidal volumes and pressures delivered to the patient. This is a critical consideration, as it can affect gas exchange, cause barotrauma, or lead to inadequate ventilation if not properly managed. Additionally, hypoxia can occur if the ventilator settings are not adjusted to compensate for reduced atmospheric pressure.

Proper monitoring is essential during flight, and adjustments to ventilator settings may be necessary to ensure adequate ventilation and oxygenation for the patient. The other options, while they may have relevance in specific contexts, do not directly relate to the immediate physiological concerns posed by atmospheric changes at altitude during air transport.