What is the difference between volume control and pressure control ventilation?

Volume control ventilation is a mode where the ventilator is set to deliver a predetermined tidal volume with each breath. This means that regardless of the pressure required to deliver that volume, the machine will adjust to ensure the set tidal volume is achieved. If the patient's airway resistance changes or lung compliance fluctuates, the pressure will vary to maintain consistent tidal volume delivery. This feature makes volume control predictable in terms of the amount of air delivered to the lungs, which is crucial for managing patients needing a specific volume to optimize ventilation and oxygenation.

In contrast, pressure control ventilation focuses on delivering breaths at a predefined pressure level. The tidal volume achieved can vary based on the lung characteristics and the amount of effort exerted by the patient. This mode is advantageous in cases where lung compliance is poor, as it prevents over-distension of the alveoli and reduces the risk of barotrauma.

By understanding these distinctions, healthcare providers can tailor ventilatory support to meet the specific needs of patients based on their respiratory mechanics and clinical condition.