What is the normal setting for PEEP in ventilated patients?

The normal setting for Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) in ventilated patients is typically around 5 cm H2O. PEEP is used in mechanical ventilation to maintain alveolar recruitment, enhance functional residual capacity, and improve oxygenation by preventing the collapse of the alveoli at the end of expiration. A PEEP setting of 5 is often sufficient to achieve these benefits while minimizing hemodynamic impacts.

When PEEP is set too low, such as at 0 or 2 cm H2O, there may not be enough pressure to keep the alveoli open, which can lead to atelectasis and decreased oxygen exchange. Conversely, a setting of 10 cm H2O may be applied in specific cases, but it's above the norm and can potentially lead to reduced venous return and decreased cardiac output if not carefully monitored. Therefore, a standard PEEP of 5 cm H2O provides an effective balance that supports respiratory function without undue complications.